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A structural inspection and report is required to determine and prove that the roof is strong enough to hold the amount of weight that is being designed. Nearly always, a typically framed roof is more than adequate to carry the weight.
We can install solar on nearly any roof.
A residential roof-mounted systems generally weigh less than 4 pounds per square foot while ballasted systems usually weigh less than 6 pounds per square foot.
On standing seam metal roofs, attachments are made directly to the standing seams so that there are no roof penetrations. On many other roof types, the racking is attached to the roof about every 4-6 feet, depending upon roof type, modules, racking and overall design. Keeping attachments closer together decreases point loads.
These attachment points are sealed with silicone sealant to prevent any leaks and flashing is applied, as well. Flashing is thin strips of metal used at the junction of the roof, in conjunction with the sealant, that forms a waterproof seal.
Sometimes, and especially in the case of flat roofs, ballasted racking is used which means that the system is weighed down with bricks or other forms of heavy weights. Slipsheets are placed under the racking where it would otherwise “touch” the roof so as to prevent holes being put into the membrane of the flat roof. In a ballasted system, no roof penetrations are made.
See Also:
What are the components of a solar PV system?
How much roof space will I need for a solar array?
What kind of roofs can solar be installed on?